MATHEMATICS OF THE FARADAY CAGE
Nick Trefethen, University of Oxford
Everybody has heard of the Faraday cage effect, in which a wire mesh
does a good job of blocking electric fields and electromagnetic
waves. Surely the mathematics of such a famous and useful
phenomenon has been long ago worked out and written up in the
textbooks?
It seems to be not so. One reason may be that that the effect
is not as simple as one might expect: it depends on the wires having
finite radius. Nor is it as strong as one might imagine: the
shielding improves only linearly as the wire spacing decreases.
This talk will present results by Jon Chapman, Dave Hewett and
myself on the electrostatic version of the Faraday cage: (a)
numerical simulations, (b) a theorem confirming the $O((\log r)/n)$
dependence on wire radius $r$ and number of wires $n$ (proved by
estimating harmonic measure via conformal maps), and (c) a
homogenized boundary condition that a Faraday cage effectively
imposes (derived by multiple scales analysis). We also explain an
interesting connection, whose details are unexpected, with the
exponential convergence of the periodic trapezoidal quadrature rule
for analytic integrands.